为明确超声波、微波、高剪切3 种物理辅助提取技术对酸性黑木耳多糖抗凝血活 性的影响，试验以抑制纤维蛋白原( FIB) 转化纤维蛋白抑制率、活化部分凝血活酶时间 ( APTT) 、凝血酶原时间( PT) 和凝血酶时间( TT) 4 个指标为依据进行抗凝血实验，并通过 对不同技术提取的酸性黑木耳多糖的结构及理化性质的测定，初步分析与抗凝血活性的 相关性． 结果表明，酸性黑木耳多糖对 FIB 的转化有明显的抑制作用，且可显著延长兔血 浆的 APTT 值及 TT 值( p ＜0． 05) ，但对 PT 值影响不显著( p ＞ 0． 05) ，说明酸性黑木耳多 糖是通过内源性途径和共同途径来实现抗凝血作用． 对每种提取技术得到的酸性黑木耳 多糖进行抗凝血活性比较研究发现，微波辅助 15 min 得到的多糖( W-Ac-AAP) 具有最佳 的抗凝血活性，当多糖的浓度为4． 0 g/L 时，其 APTT 值为( 125． 03 ± 1． 64) s， TT 值为 ( 70． 39 ±0． 87) s; 当多糖的浓度为2． 0 g/L 时，其抑制 FIB 转化纤维蛋白的能力可达 ( 0． 76 ±0． 05) g/L． 4 种多糖在蛋白质含量、硫酸根含量上有显著性差异( p ＜0． 05) ，其中 以抗凝血活性最佳的 W-Ac-AAP 的蛋白质含量最低，而硫酸根含量最高，具有最低抗凝血 活性的普通碱提多糖( Ac-AAP) 的硫酸根含量最低，说明多糖的抗凝血活性可能与硫酸根 含量之间存在一定相关性． 本研究可为开发天然植物抗凝血药物的处理方式提供理论参考． 

 The inhibition of fibrinogen ( FIB) to fibrin， the activated partial thromboplastin time ( APTT) ， the prothrombin time ( PT) and the thrombin time ( TT) were used to study the anticoagulant activity of acid-Auricularia auricular polysaccharides which were obtained by three kinds of physical-assisted extraction techniques，ultrasound，microwave and high shear． And then the correlation between the extraction technique and the anticoagulant activity was analyzed by testing the structures and physicochemical properties of polysaccharides． The results showed that the acid-Auricularia auricula polysaccharides had a significant inhibitory effect on the transformation of FIB，and it could also prolong the APTT and TT of rabbit plasma ( p ＜0. 05) significantly，but it produced no significant effect on PT ( p ＞0. 05) ，so it is through endogenous pathway and common pathway to involve itself in the coagulation process． The polysaccharides with the best anticoagulant activity in each treatment were selected for further comparative analysis，and the W-Ac-AAP，which was obtained by microwave-assisted extraction for 15 min ( W-Ac-AAP) ，had the best anticoagulant activity． When the concentration of polysaccharide at 4. 0 g/L，the APTT was ( 125. 03 ±1. 64) s and the TT was ( 70. 39 ±0. 87) s． When the concentration of polysaccharide at 2. 0 g/L， the ability of FIB to inhibit fibrin conversion was ( 0. 76 ±0. 05) g/L． There had been significant differences in protein content and sulfate content among the four polysaccharides ( p ＜ 0. 05) ． The W-Ac-AAP with the best anticoagulant activity had the lowest protein content， the highest sulfate content，and polysaccharides with common alkali extraction ( Ac-AAP) had the lowest sulfate content， there would be a certain correlation between the anticoagulant activity and sulfate content of polysaccharides． This study provides a means for the development of natural plant anticoagulant drugs．