在固定床上研究了碱金属对稻杆水蒸气气化和化学链气化过程的双重影响规 律． 实验发现:700℃下碱金属盐浸渍处理后生物质水蒸气气化产气率显著提高， H2 体积 分数提高到56% ～57%，而 CO 降低到 13% 左右，表明碱金属极大促进了焦的重整反应 和水煤气反应，且原料中固有有机钾元素作用大于添加的无机钾; 提高气化温度到900 ℃ 后，碱金属催化含氧官能团的二次裂解提高了 CO 产率，但催化水煤气反应同时消耗 CO， 两者相互竞争造成 CO 的产气呈现非线性特性． 在 5%碳酸钾浸渍浓度附近获得最高的 CO、 H2 综合含量和最高气化效率;相比于传统生物质水蒸气气化，添加载氧体后 H2 产率 得到了提升，钾修饰后的载氧体可明显提高 H2 含量和产气率，750 ℃时 H2 产气率都达到 最大值0． 82m3 /kg，且气化效率达到75%;提高温度虽然增加了 CO 产率但 H2 产率反而 下降，分析认为钾修饰后的载氧体在高温下易于形成熔融硅酸钾盐，在阻塞载氧体表面的 同时抑制焦和水蒸气反应． 

 The multi-influence of alkali metal on the steam gasification and chemical looping gasification of biomass was investigated in a fixed bed reactor． The experimental results show that the gas generation rate of potassiumloaded biomass in the steam gasification is improved significantly at 700 ℃． The volume fraction of H2 is up to 56% ～57%，and CO is reduced to about 13%． It indicates that the steam-tar reforming and water-gas shift reaction are promoted by alkali metal remarkably，and the effect of inherent potassium is better than potassium salt． When the gasification temperature was increased to 900 ℃，the secondary cracking reaction of oxygen-containing functional group improved the yield of CO，while the water-gas reaction catalyzed by alkali metal consumed CO， and the competition of these two processes causes the non-linear characteristics of CO yield． The gasification efficiency and volume percentage of CO and H2 achieve the best when the biomass is impregnated by potassium carbonate solution with mass concentration of about 5%． While contrasted with steam gasification of biomass，the gas generation rate of H2 is increased after adding oxygen carrier． And K-loaded oxygen carrier can enhance gas generation rate of H2，up to 0. 82 m3 /kg，and the gasification efficiency reaches 75%． Contrary to CO，the gas generation rate of H2 is decreased with the increase of temperature． Because K-loaded oxygen carrier causes the generation of silicate melts at high temperature，it can block the reaction channel of oxygen carrier and restrain the steam-tar reforming and water-gas shift reaction．