超导磁浮交通具有无接触摩擦磨损、运行速度高、环境友好、安全可靠等优点，是 先进轨道交通技术的典型代表。基于钉扎效应的高温超导磁浮列车与以超导磁体作为车 载动子的电动磁浮列车是超导磁浮交通的主要形式． 文中分别详细介绍了高温超导磁浮 列车与电动磁浮列车各自结构原理及发展历程，并总结了这两种典型超导磁浮交通形式 的主要优缺点． 目前超导磁浮交通总体朝向“高速”方向发展，结合真空管道的高温超导磁 浮以及利用高温超导磁体取代低温超导磁体的电动磁浮将是未来高速交通的主要选择．

With the merits of safety，economic，environment-friendliness，magnetic levitation (maglev) vehicle is the typical represent of advanced type of rail transit． High temperature superconducting (HTS) maglev vehicle which is based on the flux-pinning effect，and electrodynamic suspension (EDS) maglev vehicle which takes su- perconducting magnet as on-vehicle active cell are the main forms of superconducting maglev traffic． The structure， theory and development of two kinds of superconducting maglev vehicles were introduced，and their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed． On the basis of“high speed”developmental direction of maglev transportation，vac- uum tube HTS maglev and EDS maglev with HTS magnet instead of low temperature superconducting magnet will be the main trends for future high-speed transportation．