纤维素酶在生物炼制过程中具有重要地位，因而十分有必要深度解析酶解作用 机理． 纤维素是由 D-葡萄糖聚合形成的高分子聚合物，它的降解在木质纤维素解聚过程 中最为关键，由于其分子结构相当稳定，需要纤维素酶各结构域及组分协同作用，才能将 其高效降解为可利用的糖类． 本文总结国内外学者对纤维素酶降解机理的最新进展，首先 从纤维素酶分子结构与功能的相互作用出发，揭示结构与功能间的互作关系，阐述生物催 化分子机制，可为优化酶结构增强酶功能提供理论依据;其次概述纤维素酶降解机理的作 用特点，论述酶促协同及其外部环境对纤维素酶活力的重要影响，可为酶解体系优化设计 提供借鉴;最后，结合纤维素酶降解机理总结概括了有效降低酶成本的途径．

Cellulase plays an important role in the biorefinery process，so it is necessary to deeply understand the mechanism of enzymatic hydrolysis． Cellulose as polymer compound formed by the polymerization of D-glucose， which is an important component of biomass，and the degradation of cellulose is the most significant step in the de- structing process of lignocellulose． Due to its stable molecular structure，only through synergistic action of various domains and components of the cellulase can it be biodegraded into available saccharides． The recent research on the mechanism of cellulase degradation at home and abroad was reviewed． This review firstly explored the interac- tion between structure and function to reveal the relationship of between them and analyzed the molecular mecha- nism of biocatalyst，which provides theoretical basis for optimizing cellulase structure to improve catalytic ability． Secondly，the characteristics and molecular structure of cellulase degradation mechanism were discussed，and the important effect of its enzymatic synergy and environment on the enzyme activity was also investigated in order to provide references for the optimization design of enzymatic hydrolysis system． Finally，by combining the mecha- nism of cellulase biodegradation，the effective ways to reduce enzyme costs was summarized．