为揭示离子基团结构及其分布对阴离子交换膜( AEM) 扩散渗析行为的影响，设 计并制备了 3 种侧链型离子结构和 1 种主链型离子结构的聚芳醚砜阴离子交换膜． 对所 制备的膜的结构以及基础性能、耐酸性、机械性能、扩散渗析性能等进行了系统表征，发现 对称离子结构有利于提高膜的离子渗透选择性，且主链型对称离子结构有利于形成更为 紧致的聚集态结构，进而增强离子渗透选择性． 基础性能、耐酸性及机械性能测试结果表 明，所制备的膜满足扩散渗析工艺的要求． 模拟废酸扩散渗析实验结果表明，所制备的 AEM 的扩散渗析性能优于商业膜 TWDDA1，尤其是主链型 QMPAES 膜的酸渗析系数达 0． 025m /h，分离因子达 42． 49，在废酸回收领域具有很好的应用前景．

In order to reveal the effects of ionic group structure and ions disctribution on the diffusion dialysis of anion exchange membranes ( AEMs) ，three kinds of side-chain ionic poly( arylene ether) AEMs and a main-chain ionic poly( arylene ether) AEM were synthesized． Then，the four kinds of AEMs were characterized and evaluated in terms of structure，basic performances，acid stability，mechanical properties and diffusion dialysis performance． The results indicate that the symmetric side-chain ionic AEMs have better permeability selectivity and the main-chain ionic AEM has the best permeability selectivity owing to its symmetric ionic structure and dense aggregate structure，and that the basic performances，acid stability and mechanical properties of the AEMs all make clear that the prepared AEMs satisfy the basic acquirements of an diffusion dialysis process． Moreover，the experimental results of diffusion dialysis in simulated waste acid indicate that the prepared AEMs have better diffusion dialysis performances than those of the commerical TWDDA1，especially the main-chain ionic AEM，which wins the competition of diffusion dialysis at room temperature with an excellent proton diffusion coefficient of 0. 025 m /h and a top separation factor of 42. 49． All these mean that QMPAES has a great potential for acid recovery via diffusion dialysis．