基于麦弗逊悬架的1/4 汽车模型建模及其控制研究

上官文斌 谢忠开 秦武 朱柏霖 Subhash Rakheja

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2018.06.010

华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) >

2018 , Vol. 46 >Issue 6: 73 - 80

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2018.06.010

交通运输工程

基于麦弗逊悬架的1/4 汽车模型建模及其控制研究

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华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院，广东广州 510640

上官文斌( 1963-) ，男，博士，教授，主要从事汽车振动分析与控制研究

收稿日期: 2017-12-25

修回日期: 2018-02-25

网络出版日期: 2018-05-07

基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目( 11472107， 51475171) ;广东省自然科学基金资助项目( 2015A030310383)

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Modeling and Control of Quater-Car Model Based on MacPherson Suspension System

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School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering，South China University of Technology，Guangzhou，510640，Gaugndong，China

上官文斌( 1963-) ，男，博士，教授，主要从事汽车振动分析与控制研究

Received date: 2017-12-25

Revised date: 2018-02-25

Online published: 2018-05-07

Supported by

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China( 11472107， 51475157) and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province( 2015A030310383)

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摘要

综合考虑悬架几何结构、控制臂转动惯量、轮胎转动惯量、轮胎阻尼以及轮胎侧向刚度等因素的影响，建立了一种新型的基于麦弗逊悬架的1/4 汽车模型．利用文中所建模型、 Adams 三维模型和经典二自由度模型计算并对比了不同路面激励下车身加速度和轮胎动载荷的频率响应曲线．结果表明: 相比经典二自由度模型，文中所建模型与 Adams 三维模型一致性更好．利用文中所建模型计算轮胎外倾角和轮距变化量随路面输入位移的变化，将计算结果与 Adams 三维模型所得结果进行对比，验证了文中模型的正确性．分别将 PID 控制和开关天棚控制应用于文中模型，结果表明: 在簧载质量固有频率附近， PID 控制和开关天棚控制均能起到衰减振动的作用;在非簧载质量固有频率附近，开关天棚控制加剧了非簧载质量的振动，而 PID 控制对系统影响不大．

关键词： 麦弗逊悬架; 簧载质量加速度; 轮胎动载荷; PID 控制; 开关天棚控制

本文引用格式

上官文斌谢忠开秦武朱柏霖 Subhash Rakheja . 基于麦弗逊悬架的1/4 汽车模型建模及其控制研究[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2018 , 46(6) : 73 -80 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2018.06.010

Abstract

Considering the inertia moment of control arm，wheel mass and its inertia moment about the longitudinal axis and tire damping and lateral deflection，a novel model based on a quarter car one with MacPherson suspension is established． This kinematic-dynamic model overcomes two weaknesses of the classical 2DOF model: it accounts

for linkage geometry and lateral stiffness of tire． The displacement of the sprung mass and the tire dynamic load of proposed model，three-dimensional model established in the ADAMAS/View and the classical 2DOFs model are

calculated and compared． It is found that the proposed model in this paper is closer to the three-dimensional model than classical 2DOFs model． This proposed model is validated by comparing with two kinematic parameters: camber angle and track width variation calculated in this model and three-dimensional model respectively． In addition， the

PID and sky-hook on-off control algorithm are applied to the proposed model respectively and the control effects of

two algorithms are compared．

Key words：

MacPherson suspension; sprung mass acceleration; tire dynamic load; PID control; skyhook on-off

control

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