设计合成并表征了 4 种不同结构的新型环境友好润滑油添加剂( N1、N2、N3、 N4) ; 考察了 4 种添加剂的热稳定性、抗腐蚀性和油溶性; 研究了 4 种添加剂在液体石蜡 ( LP) 中的摩擦学性能; 用扫描电子显微镜( SEM) 和能谱分析仪( EDS) 观察和分析了钢球 磨斑的表面形貌和元素组成，初步探讨了其摩擦作用机理． 结果表明: 4 种添加剂均具有 优良的热稳定性、抗腐蚀性和油溶性; N2 的摩擦学性能最好，添加 1. 0% N2 的 LP 的最大 无卡咬负荷( PB ) 值比 LP 提高了 74% 、烧结负荷( PD ) 值是 LP 的两倍，1. 0% N2 + LP 体 系中钢球磨斑直径( WSD) 比 LP 中的钢球磨斑直径缩小了 54% 、摩擦系数比 LP 减小了 28% ; 4 种添加剂的加入均能明显减小 WSD、减少表面磨痕数量; 添加剂在摩擦过程中参 与了摩擦化学反应，有效地提高了 LP 的极压、抗磨和减摩性能．

Four environment friendly lubricant additives，namely N1，N2，N3 and N4，have been designed， synthesized and characterized． The thermal stability，oil solubility and corrosion resistance of these additives have been systematically studied． Tribological behaviors of the lubricant additives in liquid paraffin ( LP) were investigated． The surfaces morphology and elementary composition of the worn scar was recorded and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy ( EDS) ． The reaction mechanism was initially discussed． It was found that the synthesized additives showed high thermal stability，excellent oil solubility and strong corrosion resistance． Among the four additives，N2 exhibited the best tribological property． For example， the maximum non-seizure load ( PB ) value of LP with 1. 0wt% N2 was 74% higher than that of LP，the sintered load ( PD) value was twice as large as that of LP． The wear scar diameter ( WSD) of 1. 0% N2 + LP system was 54% lower than that of LP，and the friction coefficient was 28% lower than that of LP． The addition of four additives significantly reduced WSD and surface abrasions of LP． The additive participated in tribo-chemical reaction in the friction process，which effectively improved the extreme pressure，anti-wear and anti-friction performance of LP．