为研究不同形貌结构的无机粒子复配聚磷酸铵对硅橡胶阻燃性能和机械性能的 影响，分别将经偶联剂表面处理后的针状的硅灰石(WS)、中空管状的埃洛石(HNTs)、片 层状的磷酸锆(α-ZrP)与聚磷酸铵加入硅橡胶基体中，通过机械共混制备了阻燃硅橡胶 复合材料(FRSR)． 利用 SEM、TEM 和激光粒度分析仪对 3 种无机粒子的形貌结构、粒径 分布及在 FRSR中的分散性进行了表征，采用万能试验机、热失重分析仪、垂直燃烧仪、极 限氧指数仪等对 FRSR的机械性能、热稳定性和阻燃性能进行了研究． 结果表明:3 种无 机粒子在 FRSR中均能保持初始形貌，在基体中能较好地分散;当无机粒子与聚磷酸铵复 配物的添加量为 25phr 时，填充1phr 改性 HNTs 的 FRSR拥有更高的机械性能(拉伸强度 为 8. 8MPa，断裂伸长率为 218. 6%)，填充 1phr 改性 α-ZrP 的 FRSR的阻燃性能和热稳定 性最好(极限氧指数为 32. 3，垂直燃烧级别为 V-0，起始分解温度为 312. 9 ℃)． 文中还采 用 SEM 对 FRSR燃烧后的碳渣进行了分析，并对残渣形成机制进行了初步探讨．

In order to investigate the effects of the inorganic particle and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) com- pound of different morphologies on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of silicone rubber,acicular wol- lastonite (WS)，tubular halloysite (HNTs) and layered α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP),which were modified by a coupling agent,were selected to incorporate into silicone rubber together with APP to prepare the flame retardant silicone rubber composite (FRSR) through a mechanical blending process.Then,the morphology structure and particle size distribution of inorganic particles and their dispersity in the FRSRwere characterized by using a SEM,a TEM and a laser particle size analyzer,and the mechanical property,thermal stability and flame retardancy of the FRSR were systematically investigated with the help of TGA,the vertical burning test (UL-94) and the limit oxy- gen index (LOI), The results show that the three kinds of inorganic particles are dispersed well in the FRSR matrix as their original geometrical shape,and that,when the content of the inorganic particle and APP compound is 25phr,the FRSR incorporated with 1phr OHNTs is of higher mechanical property (specifically,the tensile strength and the elongation at break are 8. 8MPa and 218. 6%,respectively),and the FRSR incorporated with 1 phr α- OZrP is of the best thermal stability and flame retardancy (specifically,the limiting oxygen index,the UL-94 level,and the initial decomposition temperature are respectively 32. 3，V-0 and 312. 9℃). Besides,the residues of the FRSR were analyzed by a SEM,and the formation mechanism of the residue was preliminarily investigated.