将传统可倾瓦轴承瓦块的机械支点改为流体支点，提出了一种变支点滑动轴承结构; 阐述了该变支点滑动轴承内外层油膜的形成原理，并分析了该轴承的初始工作状态; 对轴承初始工作状态下的平衡位置进行仿真计算，论述了底瓦浮起所需静压腔面积与载荷、转速的关系． 为了对该滑动轴承－ 转子的动力性能进行研究，获取试验参数，研制了一套能够自动采集数据、实时分析数据的滑动轴承－ 转子振动特性测试试验台． 采用双面动平衡及影响系数法对试验台转子进行现场动平衡试验，结果验证了文中方法的有效性．对比分析了常规滑动轴承与变支点滑动轴承的转子振动特性以及试验台机脚的加速度振动特性，结果表明所开发的变支点滑动轴承具有较好的阻尼减振特性．

In this paper,a new variable pivot structure of three-pad tilting pad sliding bearings is developed by replacing traditional tilting pad bearing mechanical pivots with fluid pivots.The forming principle of inner and outer layer films of the new fluid pivot bearing is described,and the initial work state of the bearing is analyzed.Then,the position of the bearing equilibrium under the initial work state is simulated,and the relationship between pad floating-required hydrostatic chamber area and static bearing load as well as rotor speed is expounded.In order to investigate the dynamic performance of the bearing and achieve test parameters,a test bench of journal bearing-rotor vibration characteristic is developed,which can perform automated data acquisition,real-time data analysis and other functions.Furthermore,both the double-sided balancing and the influence coefficient method are adopted to conduct a field rotor balancing test on the developed bench,and it is found that the proposed method in this paper is effective.Finally,the traditional journal bearing is compared with the variable pivot journal bearing in terms of rotor vibration characteristic and test bench machine feet acceleration vibration characteristic,finding that the developed bearing has a better damping characteristic.