针对均匀分布的三维( 3D) 散射簇移动通信环境，提出了3D 空间域的统计信道模型; 在指向性天线覆盖下的宏小区通信环境中，用该模型来估计多径衰落信道的重要空时信道参数，推导了多径衰落信道正向信道链路的到达角与到达时延的概率密度函数、由移动台( MS) 移动产生的多普勒频移( DS) ，分析了空间信道参数及其定向天线主瓣宽度对信道模型的影响． 假设MS 端散射体分布为高斯分布和指数分布时，该模型更适于描述特殊的移动通信环境． 数值仿真结果表明，该模型的信道参数估计符合理论及实际的通信环境，弥补了现有三维散射簇统计信道模型的局限性．

In view of the uniform distribution of the mobile communication environment with 3D scattering clusters,a statistical channel model for 3D spatial domain is constructed in this paper.In the macro-cell communication environment covered by directional antennas,the constructed model is used to estimate the parameters of the spacetime channel in the multipath fading channel,and the probability density functions ( PDFs) of the angle of arrival ( AOA) and the time of arrival ( TOA) are derived for the forward channel link in the multipath fading channel.In addition,the Doppler shift ( DS) caused by the movement of mobile stations ( MSs) is also derived,and the influences of both the spatial channel parameters and the main lobe width of directional antennas on the constructed model are analyzed.When the scattering objects around MSs are assumed as the Gaussian and exponential density models,the constructed model is more suitable to describe special mobile communication environments.The numerical simulation results show that the channel parameters estimated by using the proposed model are consistent with the theoretical and actual communication environments,which makes up for the limitations of the existing statistical channel models of three-dimensional scattering clusters.