低温环境下锂离子电池的充放电性能急剧变差． 文中以16 节37 Ah 锂离子电池组成的电池组为研究对象，设计了一套加热系统，该系统主要包括加热源电加热膜、传热介质变压器油和保温隔热层二氧化硅气凝胶板等． 文中利用ANSYS 软件建立了锂离子电池组加热装置的有限元模型，模拟分析了该加热系统对电池组的加热效果，并通过试验验证该加热方式的有效性及安全性． 结果表明: 不同低温环境下，预加热到0℃以上的时间呈线性变化趋势，在极限低温－ 30℃下预加热时间为35min，在一般低温－ 10℃下预加热时间为12min，加热效果明显; 预加热后，电池组放电电压平台升高，较好地改善电池组的放电性能; 通过油液循环或静置方式可将电池之间的温度均匀性保持在3℃以内．

The charge and discharge performance of lithium-ion batteries deteriorates sharply at low temperatures.In this paper,a heating system for a battery pack consisting of sixteen 37 Ah lithium-ion batteries is designed,which includes electric heating film,transformer oil,silica aerogel plates,etc.Then,by using the ANSYS software,a finite element model of the heating device of lithium-ion battery pack is constructed,and the heating effect of the heating system on the battery pack is analyzed.Finally,the effectiveness and safety of the heating method are verified by experiments.The results show that ( 1) in different low-temperature environments,the time of pre-heating the battery pack to make its temperature higher than 0 ℃ shows a linear change; ( 2) the pre-heating time is 35min and 12 min respectively at the extremely low-temperature of － 30 ℃ and the common low temperature of － 10℃,which means that the heating effect is significant; ( 3) after pre-heating,the discharge voltage of the battery pack increases and thus the discharge performance of the battery pack is improved; and ( 4) the temperature uniformity of the battery pack can be kept within 3℃ by means of oil circulation or standing.