建立了汽轮机末级叶片的三维有限元模型，分析了叶片的静频和振型，然后计算了叶片在预应力条件下的动频，分析了工作转速对叶片振动特性的影响． 最后在振动试验台上开展了叶片静频、动频和振动响应试验，实验结果与数值模拟吻合较好． 研究结果表明: 叶片的动频比静频大，且动频随转速的增加而增大; 转速对低阶频率影响较大; 在转速的9 倍频激励时发生二阶共振，叶片易产生振动疲劳失效．

A three-dimensional finite element model of last stage blades is constructed,and the static frequency and mode shape of the blades are analyzed.Then,the dynamic frequencies of the blades under pre-stressed conditions are calculated,and the effect of the operating speed on the vibration characteristic of the blade is investigated.Finally,the static frequency test,the dynamic frequency test and the vibration response test are conducted on a vibration test table.The results show that ( 1) the test results accord well with the model-simulated values; ( 2) the dynamic frequencies increase with the rotational speed,and they are greater than the static frequencies; ( 3) the rotational speed greatly affects the low-order frequencies; and ( 4) under the nine double frequency excitation of the rotational speed,a second-order resonance occurs,and the blades are more likely to suffer a fatigue failure.