在混合动力能量管理策略中，基于电池荷电状态(SOC)反馈的等效燃油最小控制策略(ECMS)在某些时刻点由于惩罚函数取值不合适，会出现惩罚过度，导致燃油消耗量的增加． 文中采用一种可变 SOC 参照的方式来解决这一问题:在工况已知的情况下，将行驶工况划分为若干个运动学区间，任意区间中，用电池初始剩余容量减去该区间的制动回收能量，差值作为该区间中电池倾向于放电时的参考值，并以此为基础构建等效因子．最后以标准行驶循环工况 NEDC 为例，运行基于 ECMS 框架的整车模型． 仿真结果表明，与传统的基于固定 SOC 参照的 ECMS 相比，文中提出的方法在维持电量不变的同时提高了燃油经济性．

In the energy strategies of hybrid electric vehicles，traditional equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS)，which has a feedback circuit on the basis of the battery state of charge (SOC)，may lead to an
increase in fuel consumption because the inappropriate value of punishment function causes excessive-punishment．In order to solve this problem，a method on the basis of variable reference of SOC is proposed． In this method，with the pre-knowledge on the driving cycle，the cycle is divided into several kinematics fragments． In arbitrary fragment，the value of braking recovery energy in this fragment is subtracted from the initial residual capacity value of battery，and the difference value is taken as the new SOC-reference of punishment function when the ECMS tends to discharge largely． On this basis，an equivalent factor is established． Finally，a simulation model with ECMS framework is run under the NEDC cycle． Simulation results show that，in comparison with the traditional ECMS on the basis of the fixed SOC-reference，the proposed method helps improve fuel economy and maintain power balance．