低压配网台区电压特性的有效评估是供电企业筛选和治理低压配网台区的决策基础与依据． 文中针对低压配网台区数量巨大且电压特性难以评估的问题，提出一种基于功效系数法的考虑全线路电压特性的低压配网台区电压特性评估方法． 首先建立一套考虑全线路电压特性的低压配网台区评估指标体系，并将各评估指标标准化为统一的极大型功效系数值;然后基于主客观结合的序关系 － 拉开档次综合赋权方法设置各评估指标的权重，在凸显各评估对象整体差异的同时也融入了专家意愿，增强了评估方法的有效性和科学性;最后进行各低压配网台区的电压特性综合功效系数计算，完成评估和筛选过程． 实例表明，该评估方法实用有效，适用于指导低压配网台区电压特性评估和筛选工作．

Effective evaluation of voltage characteristics of low-voltage distribution networks provides the decisionmaking basis and reference for power supply enterprises to screen and manage low-voltage distribution networks． As it is difficult to evaluate and screen the voltage characteristics of large numbers of low-voltage distribution networks，an evaluation method of the voltage characteristics of low-voltage distribution networks is proposed based on the efficacy coefficient method． First，a set of evaluation index system of low-voltage distribution networks is established，which considers the voltage characteristics of all lines，and the evaluation indexes are standardized to become the unified and very large efficacy coefficients． Then，each evaluation index is weighted by means of the order relation-open class weighting method，which embodies the difference among evaluation objects and the experts’will and thus helps
to evaluate and screen voltage characteristics scientifically． Finally，the comprehensive efficacy coefficients of the voltage characteristics of low-voltage distribution networks are calculated，so that the entire evaluation and screening process is completed． A case study shows that the proposed methodis applicable and effective and that it is suitable for guiding the evaluation and screening of the voltage characteristics of low-voltage distribution networks．