以不同氟碳链长度的二元醇和多异氰酸酯为原料，制备一系列含氟多异氰酸酯预聚物，并使其与自制的无规共聚支链聚酯多元醇反应，制备透明含氟聚氨酯涂层，通过多种分析测试手段对制得的聚氨酯涂层的结构和性能进行表征，并进一步分析了不同氟碳链对涂层性能的影响．结果表明: 含氟链段的引入使聚氨酯内部短程有序结构增加，导致聚氨酯的透明度下降，而有序结构增加的程度和氟碳链的长度成反比; 氟元素的引入使聚氨酯的机械性能下降，适度的微相分离可以使机械性能下降的程度降低; 氟元素的引入可以提高聚氨酯的耐热性能，异氰酸酯中氟碳链越短，聚氨酯的耐热性能越好; 含氟聚氨酯内部的氟元素有向表面迁移的趋势，使其表面能得到降低，迁移的程度和聚氨酯中含氟异氰酸酯的结晶程度有关; 含氟聚氨酯内部适度的交联和氟元素向表面的迁移使其具有优异的耐水性能．

Polyisocyanate and dihydric alcohols with different fluorocarbon chain lengths were used as raw materialsto synthesize a series of fluorinated isocyanate prepolymers,and the prepolymers were then reacted with self- maderandom copolymerized polyester polyol to prepare transparent fluorinated polyurethane coatings.Afterwards,avariety of analytical methods were used to characterize the structure and properties of the coatings,and the effect offluorocarbon chains on the coating properties was finally discussed.The results indicate that (1) the introduction offluorocarbon chains increases the internal short- range ordered structure in polyurethanes,with an increase degreebeing inversely proportional to the length of fluorocarbon chains,which leads to a decline of coating transparency;(2) the mechanical properties of polyurethanes degrade with the introduction of fluorocarbon chains,and the degra-dation slows down in the presence of moderate micro- phase separation in fluorinated polyurethanes; (3) the intro-duction of fluorine improves the thermal resistance of polyurethanes,especially under the condition of shorter fluoro-carbon chains; (4) the fluorine in fluorinated polyurethanes may migrate to the surface and reduces the surface en-ergy,and the migration degree is related to the crystallization degree of fluorinated isocyanate; and (5) moderatecrosslinking and the migration of fluorine may lead to excellent water resistance of fluorinated polyurethanes.