激光重熔处理对钢结构焊接接头疲劳性能的影响

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.240357

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

焊接作为钢结构连接的重要手段，焊接接头的疲劳性能关系到钢结构的安全。为了提高钢结构焊接接头的疲劳性能，该研究提出采用激光重熔处理焊接接头。为此，该文开展了Q355钢板对接焊接的焊态接头与激光重熔处理接头的高周疲劳试验，通过焊态接头拉伸试验确定了高周疲劳试验的应力水平，采用扫描电子显微镜进行了疲劳断口分析，根据试验结果拟合了焊态焊接接头与激光重熔焊接接头的应力-寿命（S-N）疲劳曲线，并与规范疲劳公式进行了对比。试验结果表明：激光重熔处理可以改变焊接接头疲劳断裂的位置，避免焊接接头在焊趾处产生疲劳破坏，并显著提升焊接接头的疲劳寿命，平均提升幅度介于244%~499%之间；疲劳断口分析表明，焊态接头主要存在棘轮状裂纹源和少量次表面裂纹源，激光重熔处理接头主要存在转角裂纹源和边缘裂纹源；与规范对比结果表明，美国钢结构规范ANSI/AISC360-22、欧洲规范EN 1993-1-9：2005和海上钢结构设计推荐方法DNV-RP-C203给出的疲劳性能设计曲线可适用于焊态接头的疲劳性能，而对于激光重熔处理的焊接接头疲劳性能均偏于保守。

关键词: 焊接接头, 激光重熔, 高周疲劳, 疲劳强度, 疲劳断口, 钢结构

Abstract:

As a crucial method for connecting steel structures, welding plays a vital role in ensuring structural integrity, and the fatigue performance of welded joints directly affects the overall safety of steel structures. To enhance the fatigue performance of welded joints in steel structures, this study proposed the use of laser remelting treatment on the welded joints. For this purpose, this study conducted high cycle fatigue tests on the as-welded joints and laser remelting treated welded joints of Q355 steel plate butt welding. The stress levels for high-cycle fatigue tests were determined through tensile tests on as-welded joints. Fatigue fracture surface analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on the experimental results, stress-life (S-N) fatigue curves were fitted for both the as-welded joints and the laser-remelted welded joints, and the results were compared with standard fatigue design curves specified in relevant codes. The experimental results show that laser remelting treatment can change the location of fatigue fracture in welded joints, prevent failure at the weld toe and thereby significantly improve the fatigue life of welded joints, with an average increase of 244% to 499%. The fatigue fracture analysis show that there were mainly ratchet crack sources and a few subsurface crack sources in the as-welded joints, and there are mainly corner crack sources and edge crack sources in the laser remelted joints; the fatigue performance design curves provided by the American Steel Structure Code ANSI/AISC360-22, European Code EN 1993-1-9:2005, and Recommended Method for Offshore Steel Structure Design DNV-RP-C203 can be applied to the fatigue performance of as-welded joints, while these curves tend to be conservative for laser-remelted welded joints.

Key words: welded joints, laser remelting, high cycle fatigue, fatigue strength, fatigue fracture surface, steel structure

中图分类号:

TU391

康澜, 李荣文, 苏竞裕, 冯磊. 激光重熔处理对钢结构焊接接头疲劳性能的影响[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 53(6): 1-11.

KANG Lan, LI Rongwen, SU Jingyu, FENG Lei. Influence of Laser Remelting Treatment on Fatigue Performance of Steel Structure Welded Joints[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2025, 53(6): 1-11.

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试件编号	弹性模量E/GPa	屈服强度σ_s/MPa	极限强度σ_u/MPa	断裂伸长率α/%
均值	212.97	413.85	582.67	20.74
焊接拉伸试件-1	238.54	424.45	588.27	21.35
焊接拉伸试件-2	204.72	417.59	583.36	20.13
焊接拉伸试件-3	195.65	399.50	576.37	20.74

试件编号	σ_max/MPa	∆σ/MPa	最大荷载/kN	最小荷载/kN	循环次数	断裂位置
P25S05SR360-1	400	360	37.90	3.790	285 981	母材
P25S05SR360-2	400	360	37.90	3.790	312 223	母材
P25S05SR315-1	360	315	33.43	3.343	310 672	母材
P25S05SR315-2*					1 046 348	母材
P25S05SR315-3					222 185	母材
P25S05SR270-1	300	270	28.65	2.865	850 770	母材
P25S05SR270-2*					2 000 000	未断
P25S05SR270-3					703 375	母材
P25S05SR225-1	250	225	23.88	2.388	922 661	母材
P25S05SR225-2	250	225	23.88	2.388	2 000 000	未断
P00S00SR360-1	400	360	37.90	3.790	39 520	焊趾
P00S00SR360-2	400	360	37.90	3.790	93 127	焊趾
P00S00SR315-1	360	315	33.43	3.343	136 924	焊趾
P00S00SR315-2	360	315	33.43	3.343	169 392	焊趾
P00S00SR270-1	300	270	28.65	2.865	94 991	焊趾
P00S00SR270-2	300	270	28.65	2.865	300 727	焊趾
P00S00SR225-1	250	225	23.88	2.388	406 456	焊趾
P00S00SR225-2	250	225	23.88	2.388	362 397	焊趾

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