中厚板低频脉冲 TIG 打底焊的电弧形态及熔池行为

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.180653

华南理工大学学报(自然科学版)

中厚板低频脉冲 TIG 打底焊的电弧形态及熔池行为

石玗^1,2 王开飞² 张刚^1,2 朱映瑞^1,2

1．兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730050; 2．兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院，甘肃兰州 730050

收稿日期:2019-01-09 出版日期:2019-04-25 发布日期:2019-03-01
通信作者: 石玗(1973-)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事先进焊接方法及焊接过程控制研究． E-mail:shiyu@ lut.cn
作者简介:石玗(1973-)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事先进焊接方法及焊接过程控制研究．
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51675256);甘肃省基础研究创新群体计划项目(17JR5RA107);甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2018A-018);兰州理工大学红柳优秀青年人才扶持计划项目

Arc Shape and Weld Pool Behavior in Low-frequency Pulse TIG Backing Welding for Medium and Thick Plates

SHI Yu^1,2 WANG Kaifei² ZHANG Gang^1,2ZHU Yingrui^1,2

1． State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals，Lanzhou University of Technology， Lanzhou 730050，Gansu，China; 2． School of Materials Science and Engineering，Lanzhou University of Technology， Lanzhou 730050，Gansu，China

Received:2019-01-09 Online:2019-04-25 Published:2019-03-01
Contact: 石玗(1973-)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事先进焊接方法及焊接过程控制研究． E-mail:shiyu@ lut.cn
About author:石玗(1973-)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事先进焊接方法及焊接过程控制研究．
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51675256) and the Program of Innovation Groups of Basic Research of Gansu Province(17JR5RA107)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对中厚钢板传统背衬板手工打底焊接工艺存在的效率低、工序复杂、过程稳定性差等问题，采用低频率、大占空比的脉冲 TIG 方法来实现无衬板 5mm 大钝边 16MnR钢的单面焊双面成形．利用高速摄像详细观察了焊接电弧穿过熔孔的被压缩过程，统计分析了一定焊接速度下电弧尾焰偏转角度和长度与焊缝熔透的相关性．实验结果表明:在一定焊接规范下，电弧熔化钝边形成孔状熔池，穿过熔孔的电弧尾焰偏转角度和长度均与焊接速度呈负相关，且与焊缝熔透程度约呈现正相关，通过观测电弧尾焰尺寸，可对打底焊时焊缝的熔透程度做出预判;电弧周期性变化的热力耦合作用增强了熔池液态金属的搅拌及对流作用，在表面张力、重力、电弧力以及气体吹力的共同作用下，熔孔侧壁上的液态金属向熔池边缘及底部流动，增强了熔池中的热传导，能有效增加焊缝熔深．

关键词: 中厚板, 打底焊, 脉冲 TIG, 单面焊双面成形, 电弧形态, 熔池行为

Abstract: The pulse TIG welding with low frequency and large duty cycle was used to realize single-side welding without subtrate and double-side forming of 16MnR steel plates with 5mm large blunt edge，in view of the low effi- ciency，complex process and poor stability in traditional manual welding with subtract for medium and thick plates backing welding． The compression process of welding arc passing through the molten hole was captured by a high- speed camera． And the correlation between deflection angle and length of arc tail flame and weld penetration at a certain welding speed was analyzed． The results show that a hole-shaped weld pool is formed under a certain para- meters，and the deflection angle and length of the arc tail flame passing through the hole is negatively correlated with the welding speed，and positively correlated with the weld penetration． By observing the size of the arc tail flame，the weld penetration can be estimated，and the stirring and convection of liquid in weld pool is enhanced un- der the thermo-mechanical coupling effect of periodic arc． Under the combined action of surface tension，gravity， arc force and gas blowing force，the liquid metal on the side wall of the welding hole flows to the edge and bottom， which enhances the heat conduction in the weld pool and effectively increases the weld penetration．

Key words: medium and thick plate, backing welding, pulse TIG, one-sided welding and double-sided forming, arc shape, weld pool behavior

中图分类号:

石玗王开飞张刚朱映瑞. 中厚板低频脉冲 TIG 打底焊的电弧形态及熔池行为[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), doi: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.180653.

SHI Yu WANG Kaifei ZHANG Gang ZHU Yingrui. Arc Shape and Weld Pool Behavior in Low-frequency Pulse TIG Backing Welding for Medium and Thick Plates[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), doi: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.180653.

[1]	张占辉薛家祥. 熔滴冲击方向对焊缝质量的影响[J]. 华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 47(4): 138-144.
[2]	戴杰涛李烈军张祖江刘金波. 中厚板宽板轧制中边浪的产生机理与抑制措施[J]. 华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 42(12): 64-69.

中厚板低频脉冲 TIG 打底焊的电弧形态及熔池行为

Arc Shape and Weld Pool Behavior in Low-frequency Pulse TIG Backing Welding for Medium and Thick Plates

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